Myths vs. Facts: Prostate Cancer
Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in men, yet myths and misconceptions can make it confusing to understand. This September, during Prostate Cancer Awareness Month, it’s a good time to separate fact from fiction and learn what you really need to know.
Myth 1: Prostate cancer only affects older men
Fact: While risk increases with age—most cases are diagnosed in men over 50—it can develop earlier, especially in men with a family history of prostate cancer or certain genetic mutations like BRCA1/2.
“Men with higher risk factors – black men or those with a strong family history – should start the conversation about prostate screening in their early 40s,” says Dr. Todd Lehrfeld of Jersey Urology Group. “Men of average risk should discuss screening with their doctor at age 50. Early detection is often the key to successful treatment.”
Myth 2: Prostate cancer is always slow-growing and harmless
Fact: Some prostate cancers grow very slowly, but others can be aggressive. Early detection is critical to identify cancers that require treatment before they spread.
“Not all prostate cancers behave the same way,” Dr. Lehrfeld explains. “Some may never cause issues and just require monitoring, while others can progress quickly and require prompt treatment. That’s why timely screening is so important.”
Myth 3: You don’t need a PSA test if you feel fine
Fact: Prostate cancer often has no early symptoms. A PSA (prostate-specific antigen) blood test, along with a digital rectal exam (DRE), can detect cancer before symptoms appear.
“Men can feel perfectly healthy and still have early-stage prostate cancer,” says Dr. Lehrfeld. “PSA testing is one of the best tools we have to catch cancer when it’s most treatable.”
Myth 4: Prostate cancer treatment always leads to sexual dysfunction or incontinence
Fact: Modern treatments are more targeted and personalized than ever. Side effects are possible, but many men maintain a good quality of life with careful planning, advanced surgical techniques, radiation options, and ongoing support from their healthcare team.
“We have a range of treatment options that focus on both effectively treating the cancer and preserving quality of life,” Dr. Lehrfeld notes. “It’s no longer one-size-fits-all.”
Myth 5: Lifestyle doesn’t matter
Fact: Diet, exercise, and overall health can influence prostate cancer risk and recovery. Maintaining a healthy weight, staying active, eating a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, and limiting red meat and processed foods can support prostate health.
“Lifestyle changes aren’t just about prevention—they can help men recover more quickly and feel better during treatment,” Dr. Lehrfeld adds.
Bottom Line
Awareness is the first step toward prevention and early detection. Talk to your primary care physician about when to start screening based on your age, family history, and personal risk factors. By taking proactive steps, you can protect your prostate health and ensure that if cancer does develop, it’s caught early—when treatment is most effective.
